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[46] Общий уровень грамотности в данных исследованиях подразумевал выявление и оценку способностей взрослых (от 16 до 65 лет) использовать информацию, поступающую в напечатанном или написанном виде. Проверялись возможности: прочесть и понять связный текст; воспринимать доклады, документы, и другие виды «несвязных» текстов; оперировать числовой информацией, например, таблицами и графиками. Грамотность оценивалась не как дихотомия «грамотный-неграмотный», а как набор измеряемых навыков.

[47] Willms, J.D. (2001), “Three Hypotheses about Community Effects”, in in J.F.Helliwell (ed.) The Contribution of Human and Social Capital to Sustained Economic Growth and Well-being: International Symposium Report, Human Resources Development Canada and OECD.

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[59] Alexis de Tocqueville (1835) писал: «Американцы противостоят индивидуализму с помощью правильно понимаемого принципиального интереса», который заключается в том, что «они самодовольно показывают, как основная забота о самих себе постоянно подталкивает их к помощи друг другу и вынуждает их добровольно жертвовать часть своего времени и собственности во имя благополучия Штатов».

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[61] Weber сосредоточился на индивидуумах и моделях и правилах поведения. Его интересовали действия, которые включали мыслительные процессы (и заканчивались бессмысленным результатом) между возникновением стимула и реакцией на него.

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