Philip Freneau wrote a college poem in 1772 entitled «The Rising Glory of America». The future of his country was always a subject of interest for poet and citizen Freneau.
During the Revolutionary War Freneau became an ardent supporter of the American cause. While on sea duty he was captured by the British and placed aboard prison ship, an experience which inspired a long poem entitled «The British Prison Ship». He wrote a number of other long poems, but he was at his best in his short lyrics, such as «The Wild Honey Suckle». Many of these short works, including «On the Emigration to America», «The Indian Burying ground», and «To the Memory of the Brave Americans», deal with American subjects, and it is for these poems that Freneau is best remembered today.
Freneau can be considered one of America's first great nationalist poets.
During the last years of his life he criticized severely the anti-demoeratic charaeter of the America bourgeois State and was opposed to the realtirnany policy of the Federalists. During the Anglo-American war of 1812 he wrote a number of poems against England.
Though his political poetry was his most important contribution to American letters, he is remembered also for his lyrical poems, of which «The Indian Burying Ground» and «The wild Honey-Suckle» deserve mention as examples of sentimentalism to American poetry. Philip Frenean was a fearless exposer (accuser кораловчи-фош этувчи) of soeial iujusfice, Untiring = (tiveless) (чарчашни билмайдиган - неутомимый) defender of the interests of his people. He graduated from the Princton University in 1771. He became a poet of the American revolution, its herald (=messenger - глашатай-жарчиси) At Jefferson's proposal he created «The National Gareble», which became a fighting organ of the demoeratic party, Philip Frenean contiuned Peine's works. Philip hated monarchy and clespotism he critized new capitalist relations. He considered verb artist only those poor = (камбагал) writers = (men off pen) as the latter are independent and incovcuptable (неподкупный - сотилмайдиган).
In this poem «Mack Swiggen. Sative» шеър (1775) he creates sativical image of a (dull, untalented) ungifted poet, dullard = (blockhead) - трища Mack Swiggen. Mac sevved the stroug people of the time and sained glory and money.
In 1793 he wrote about the tasks of American Verbs and writers. In his article «True Purposes of the Theatre» (1797) Frenean cypressed his deep thoughts on the dask of the art.
Frenean was one of the pioneers who fought for independent American literature. And his poem (шеър) «Literary Import» (1788) is about it.
During the War for Independence Frenean exited in Philadelphia a magazine «Foural of a Fvee Man» (1781-1783).
In his series of essays «The Peilosopher of the Forest» () we can read his allegorical story «The Island of Grabbers» () In New York he founded «City Newspaper» () (1788-1790) he planed there many newessays, stories.
In «An old soldier and his Dog» (1790) Freneun shows tragic fate of a soldier who became poor and a cripple (калена).
Frenean exposes the power of money in «A Political Creed» (Политические размышления) (1797).
In the middle of the 90_ies he created a curious book «Tomo-Cheki, An Indian from a trible of (крик) = yell (screeun) of Philadelphia». Frenean is seen here as a revolutionary enlightener.
Frenean is justly considered to be a father of American poefry. He was the poet of two rewolutions-american and French.
«The house of Night» 1778 (Дом ночи). There we can read «The Power of Fancy», «To the memory of the Brave Americans», «stauras to an Alien» and other poems.
He wrote many poems about American indiaus In a poem «American Freedom» (1775) (поэма) he believes in the victory of Americans as they are fightiny for their rights and their fight just.
In 1778 he wrote his poem «American is Independent» where the anthour castigates George III.
His poems about the slaver in America are deep and there the outhor stigmatizes the slave owners of West-India.
Philip Frencan was the second outstanding = sreat son of America after Peine. The son of New York voine morchant of French descent, Philip Frencan had a stormy life; he was a student, rebel, poet, journalist, trader, sailor, war-prisoner, and a government clerk. At the outbreak of American bourgeois revolution he wrote several satires against the English. In 1780 he was captured by them and put in a British prison-ship, the horrors of whichhe described in the poem «The British Prison - Ship» (1781), «Британский тюремный корабль», published after he had been released in Exchange for English prisoners. His political poems earned him the title of the poet of the American Revolution. These were collected by him into the volume Poems Written between the Years 1768 and 1794. In 1799 he published his «Letters on Various Interesting and Important Subjects».
Henry Wadsworth Longfellow was born in 1807 in Portland (Maine - Мэн) on the coast of the Atlantic ocean in the family of an (lawyer - хукукшунос), who was proud of their forefathers. The latters came to New England on a famous «Mayflower». The poet's grandfather general Longfellow was - a her a of the War for Independence, the poet's uncle was a noval lieutenaut = [lu: ten nt] = (морской лейтенант) who later sank a slup and died together with the ship's crew = [ship's company = команда] in 1804 who did not want to be taken prisoners. Still a student at Bowdoin college (together with him there studied Nathanicl Hawthorne) (1804-1864). Having graduated from the collegehe went to Europe to study languages and During 1826-1829 he visited France, Spain Haly and Germany. He began to write poems and prose at the Bowdoin college. He deseribed his travels in his book of sketches = (очерков) [] преступающий границы, нарушающий (приличия и т.п.) «Outre-Mer A Pilgrimaje beyond the Sea» (1835) («За морем»)
Returning to the USA he began to heach new languages at the Bowdoin college; in 1834 he was invited as a professor to Harward University in Cambridge where he delivered lectures on literature, wrote - historical and literary articles. Compiled text-books for those who studied French, Spain, Halian, translated poems from these languages.
Hawing been to Europe for the second time in Europe (Germany and Switzerland) in 1835, Longfellow in 1839 publised his novel «Hyperion» («Гиперион») and a poetic collection «Voices of the Night» («Голоса ночи») Two years later he createl «Ballads and Other Poems».
Returning from his third travel from Europe Longfellow published «Ballads and other Poems» and «Poems of Slavery» (1842) «Невольничьи песни» which may be considered as his answer to the great moral and political conflict of his time.
All his later life was connected with Cambridge.
In the 40_ies the poet engaged himself with translations and in 1845 he created an interesting authology («European Poets» s) «Poets of Europe». When one could find poems of all European peoples, which were translated by Congfellow himself and other American poets. In the 70 - ies he published in the USA (многотомная антология в 31 томах, 20_й том посвящен России). «Poems of Places» («Поэзия всех стран»).
In 1846 there appeard a collection «The Belfry of Brages and other Poems» («Башня в Брюгге и другие стихотворения») and among them the most favourite poem of the poet was «An arrow and a Song». Soon «Evangeline» (1847) = («Евангелина») the most sisnificant poem saw world The plot of the poem was prompted by Hawthorne.
Longfellow doesn't give up prose writing either and writes «Kavanagh» (1849). («Кавана»). Poems of different years are colocted in the collection «The Seaside and Fireside» (1849) («У моря и очага»). In 1851 «The Golden Legud» («Золотая легенда») is written. His famous poem «The Song of Hiawatha» appeared in 1855 «_________» - «Хайвонот хакида кушик».
Three years later «The Courtship of Uiles Staudish» (1858). («Сватовство Майлза Стендинса») appeared. Here poets forebathers are gloriotied. This same year saw the publication anothelyric collection «Birds of Passage» («Перелетные птицы»).
In 1863 he published his early written poems under the title of «Tales of a Waysideinn» («Рассказы придорожной гостиницы»).
In 1865-1867 he completed his gigantic work-the translation of Dante's «Divine Comedy».
Langfellow wrote sonnebs as well. In 1872 he published «Three Song Books» together with the tragedy «Iuda Makkaway». In 1872 he wrote «Mask of Tiador». 1978 saw «Keramos and other Poems» = Керамос. His last poem work was «Ultima Thule» («За пределами» лат.)
Longfellow was a man of action. Professor Longfellow worked as a Rcturer. On the literatures of modern Europe. He was neither o brilliant teacher nor a dull one. Some consider Longfellow to be America's first professional poet.
In 1843 Longfellow married Frances Appleton, who was a daughter of one of the wealthiest merchants in Boston, she brought him as a wedding gif the handsome Craidie House and grounds in Cambridge, once the headquarters of General Wasington. «Псалом жизни».
His poems «A Psalm of Life» and «The Reaper of the Flowers», were very popular.
Philip Frenean was the second outstauding great son of America after Peine. The son of New York. Wine merchant of French descent, Philip Frenean had a stormy life; he was a sailor, vebel, poet, lournalist, trader, sailor, war-prisoner, and a government clerk. At the outbreak of American bourgeois revolution he wrote several satires against the English. In 1780 he was captured by them and put in a British prison-ship, the horrors of which he deseribed in the poem the British Prison-ship (1791), published after he had been released in exchange for English prisoners. His political poems earned him the title of the poet of the American revolution. These were collected by him into the volume «Poems Written between the Year 1768 and 1794». In 1799 he published his «Letters on Varions Interesting and Important Subjects».
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