Рефераты. Gymnastics

Gymnastics

БГУФК

GYMNASTICS

ГИМНАСТИКА

Учебное пособие по английскому языку

для студентов II курса БГУФК

Минск

ВВЕДЕНИЕ

Настоящее учебное пособие является уроком-темой курса “Английский язык” для студентов учебных заведений физкультурного профиля. Его цель - содействовать профессионально ориентированному обучению студентов иностранному языку (английскому): приобретению знаний терминологической лексики по теме “Гимнастика”, навыков общения в профессиональной деятельности и чтении литературы по специальности.

Учебное пособие составлено в соответствии с требованиями программы по английскому языку для неязыковых вузов.

В самой сжатой форме оно охватывает всю основную терминологию по гимнастике.

При отборе лексики автор руководствовался принципом тематичности, сочетаемости, частотности употребления ее в современном английском языке. Текстовой материал знакомит студентов с основными типами соревнований по гимнастике, их программой и упражнениями; правилами судейства; историей развития гимнастики; белорусскими чемпионами Олимпийских игр по спортивной и художественной гимнастике и их достижениями.

При отборе текстового материала в качестве основного критерия служила информативная ценность текстов и их соответствие интересам студентов. Тексты взяты из оригинальных спортивных материалов.

Учебное пособие не претендует на полноту охвата всех реалий в области гимнастики, однако оно должно расширить словарный запас учащихся; активизировать знания, умения и навыки, полученные на ранних этапах изучения английского языка, за счет их тренировки в различных видах речевой деятельности.

Материал рекомендуется проходить в порядке, изложенном в пособии.

GYMNASTICS

I. Discuss with your group-mates before you read the text:

What sport is the most graceful and artistic?

II. Say in Russian:

* what you know about gymnastics competition

* how many events a men's gymnastics competition has

* how many events a women's gymnastics competition has

* what gymnastic equipment must be in the gymnasium

* what gymnastics equipment is used for men's training (for women's training).

Task I. Study the vocabulary to the text “Gymnastics” and translate the word combinations and sentences:

1. be regarded as ... считаться

e.g. Gymnastics is regarded as one of the best means of physical education.

2. compulsory a обязательный

w.comb

compulsory

element

exercise

programme

education

3. handicapped n инвалид

4. artistic gymnastics спортивная гимнастика

syn. competitive gymnastics

5. rhythmic gymnastics художественная гимнастика

6. perform v выполнять, исполнять

e.g. Each contestant performs compulsory elements.

7. performance n исполнение, результат

8. naked a обнаженный, голый

e.g. The word gymnasium comes from a Greek word meaning to exercise naked.

9. judge n судья

e.g. Judges watch each performance.

10. equipment n 1. cнаряд 2. предмет 3. оборудование

syn. apparatus

11. gymnastic equipment гимнастический снаряд

syn. apparatus

12. routine n программа (спортивная)

e.g. Gymnast's performance is called a routine.

w.comb.

compulsory

routine

optional

13. earn v заработать, получить

w.comb.

earn

money

score

14. balance n равновесие

15. endurance n выносливость, стойкость

16. flexibility n гибкость

e.g. Gymnastics helps develop balance, endurance, flexibility, and strength.

17. television coverage n трансляция по телевидению

18. remarkably adv значительно

Task II. Read the text and find the answers to the questions:

What is gymnastics?

Where does gymnastic competition take place?

Is gymnastics included in the programme of the Olympic Games?

Text 1. Gymnastics
Gymnastics is regarded as one of the best means of physical training. Its exercises develop human body harmoniously and all sided and are
a compulsory element of the training in many sports.
It is one of the most graceful and artistic sports and popular all over the world. It is also used as a means of rehabilitation for handicapped.
Gymnastics is a sport in which each contestant performs acrobatic exercises on various types of gymnastic equipment. It can be divided into artistic gymnastics, rhythmic gymnastics and acrobatics. Artistic gymnastics has special programmes for men and women.
Two or more teams compete in a competition, which takes place in
a gymnasium. Gymnasium is a special room or building for instruction and practice in physical training. The word gymnasium comes from a Greek word meaning to exercise naked in ancient Greece, the word was used to mean public places set aside for athletic sports. Greek boys and young men wore no clothes when taking part in games, in order to have freedom of bodily movement.
Men's and women's team have separate competitions. Judges watch each gymnast's performance called a routine and decide what score he or she has earned. Gymnastics helps develop balance, endurance, flexibility, and strength.
Gymnastics has been a part of the Olympic Games since the modern Olympics began in 1896. During the 1970's, world wide television coverage of the Olympics helped gymnastics grow remarkably as a spectator sport. The International Gymnastics Federation is the governing body of gymnastics.

Vocabulary, Grammar and Speech Exercises

Ex. 1. Give the nouns corresponding to these verbs:

to develop, to perform, to compete, to instruct, to practice, to decide, to help, to begin, to grow.

Ex. 2. Form adverbs from these adjectives:

harmonious, graceful, artistic, separate, remarkable.

Ex. 3. Find Russian equivalents for the following English words and word- combinations:

artistic gymnastics

rhythmic gymnastics

performance

judge

gymnastics equipment

routine

television coverage

flexibility

earn score

compulsory

обязательный

гибкость

спортивный снаряд

трансляция по телевидению

исполнение

зарабатывать очки

художественная гимнастика

спортивная программа

судья

спортивная гимнастика

Ex. 4. Replace the following Russian words and word-combinations by their English equivalents from the text:

1. Одно из самых лучших средств тренировки. 2. Всесторонне и гармонично. 3. Обязательный элемент. 4. Выполнять акробатические упражнения. 5. В гимнастическом зале. 6. Программа гимнаста.
7. Зарабатывать очки. 8. Равновесие, гибкость, выносливость. 9. Зрелищный спорт. 10. Обнаженный.

Ex. 5. Give extensive answers to the following questions:

Why is gymnastics regarded as one of the best means of physical training?

What is gymnastics?

What forms is gymnastics divided into?

Where do gymnasts compete?

What word does the word gymnasium come from?

How is each gymnast's performance called?

What qualities does gymnastics help to develop?

Since when has gymnastics been a part of the Olympic Games?

What is the governing body of gymnastics?

Ex. 6. Some statements are not true to the fact. Correct them:

1. Gymnastic exercises develop human body harmoniously and all-sided, but they are not compulsory elements of the training in many sports.

2. It is one of the most graceful and artistic sports, but it is not popular all over the world.

3. Coaches watch each gymnast's performance and decide what score he or she has earned.

4. Gymnastics helps to develop balance, speed, flexibility, and strength.

Ex. 7. Make up ten questions to the text using the vocabulary of the text.

Ex. 8. Describe gymnastics as a sport. Say what you know about:

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